Title IX—Sexual Harassment
I. Policy Statement
The Maryland School for the Deaf (MSD) prohibits all forms of sex-based discrimination. The purpose of this administrative procedure is to address sexual harassment as defined under Title IX that occurs within the educational programs and activities of MSD, and to provide a grievance process for investigating and reaching a final determination of responsibility for a formal complaint of Title IX Sexual Harassment.
II. Definitions
III. Prohibition of Sexual Harassment
A. Sexual harassment is prohibited at MSD, its properties, activities, programs, and in employment whether occurring on MSD premises, MSD's controlled properties, or at activities and functions supervised and sanctioned by MSD.
B. Conduct is not deemed sexual harassment for purposes of this administrative procedure, if the conduct occurred (1) outside the United States, or (2) under circumstances in which MSD did not have substantial control over both the harasser and the context in which the harassment occurred.
C. Conduct that is determined not to meet the definition of "sexual harassment" set forth in this administrative procedure, may violate other MSD policies, MSD administrative procedures or established standards of conduct and will be treated accordingly. For example, conduct that does not meet the definition of Title IX sexual harassment above may nevertheless violate other MSD policies. Nothing in this policy is intended to limit discipline for violation of other MSD policies or administrative policies when appropriate and consistent with law.
IV. Confidentiality
A. Confidentiality shall be maintained throughout the investigation to the extent practical and appropriate, except as may be permitted by FERPA or as required by law, or to carry out the purposes of 34 CFR Part 106. Any formal complaint of alleged discrimination or harassment on the basis of sex reported to the Title IX Coordinator will be disclosed to the Respondent and investigated as appropriate.
B. Any notifications to other parties will be made only to ensure that support is provided to the Complainant, and to protect the Complainant from further harassment. MSD will maintain confidentiality of any supportive measures provided to the Complainant or Respondent, to the extent that it would not impair MSD's ability to provide the supportive measures. The Investigator conducting the investigation will be responsible for making determinations about confidentiality.
V. Grievance Process
A. Reporting Options
1. Student reports of a violation of this administrative procedure may be made to any MSD employee, including the Title IX Coordinator, the Department Principal, or the Chief Educational Programs Officer.
NOTE: Students may use the Bullying, Harassment, or Intimidation Reporting Form.
2. Employee reports of a violation of this administrative procedure may be made to the supervisor(s) or Title IX Coordinator.
3. A report may be made at any time (including during non-school hours) and as soon as possible in order for MSD to maximize its ability to respond promptly and effectively. Confirmation of receipt of the complaint will be sent on the next business day.
NOTE: A formal complaint cannot be filed anonymously.
Contents of the Formal Complaint
The complaint shall:
— contain the name of the Complainant and the student's parent or guardian if the Complainant is a minor student;
— describe the alleged misconduct;
— request an investigation of the matter; and
— be signed by the Complainant or otherwise indicate that the Complainant is the person filing the complaint.
4. Any person may report discrimination on the basis of sex, whether or not the person reporting is the person alleged to be the victim of sexual harassment, in person, by mail, by phone, by email, or by using the contact information listed below for the Title IX Coordinator.
5. MSD's Title IX Coordinator oversees MSD's response to reports or complaints of sexual harassment, sexual assault, and dating violence and oversees MSD's compliance with Title IX:
Latasha Bacote-Owens, Ed.D., Director of Compliance/Title IX Coordinator
Phone: (vp) 240-575-1031 / (v) 301-360-2042
Email: [email protected]
Mail: 101 Clarke Place, Frederick, MD 21705
B. Alternative Formal Complaint Options
1. These internal procedures do not deny the right of any individual to pursue other avenues of recourse, which may include filing charges with any of the external agencies noted below.
a. U.S. Department of Education Office for Civil Rights
Lyndon Baines Johnson Department of Education Building
Address: 400 Maryland Avenue, SW
Washington, D.C. 20202-1100
Washington, D.C. 20202-1100
Phone: 1-800-421-3481
TTY: 1-800-877-8339
Fax: 202-245-8392
Email: [email protected]
Website: https://ocrcas.ed.gov/contact-ocr
b. U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
Baltimore Field Office, City Crescent Building
10 S. Howard Street, Third Floor
Baltimore, MD 21201
Phone: 1-800-699-4000
Direct: 410-801-6685
TTY: 1-800-669-6820
Fax: 443-992-7889
Email: [email protected]
2. The timeframes for filing with these agencies may vary. Where a complaint is filed with a court of competent jurisdiction, the Title IX Coordinator shall transfer the matter to the MSD's Assistant Attorney General for counsel.
C. Student Reports Received by MSD Employee
1. Any school employee who receives a report by a student alleging harassment or discrimination by an adult employee, volunteer, or student should notify their immediate supervisor, Chief Educational Programs Officer (CEPO), School Resource Officer (SRO).
NOTE: The CEPO should obtain the basic facts of the incident(s) alleged, but should not conduct any further investigation without direction from the Title IX Coordinator. All information received should be forwarded to the Title IX Coordinator within 48 hours.
2. MSD employees are to report suspected child physical and mental abuse, child sexual abuse, or child neglect pursuant to administrative procedure for Child Abuse and Neglect.
3. If the allegations are of a serious criminal nature then the school official shall also promptly notify local law enforcement.
4. If the suspected abuser is an MSD employee, contractor, or volunteer, the employee must also notify the Director of Human Resources.
D. Informal Resolution Process
1. At any time after the filing of a formal complaint and prior to reaching a determination regarding responsibility, the Informal Resolution Facilitator my facilitate a Title IX informal resolution process, such as mediation, that does not involve a full investigation.
2. Prior to an informal resolution, the Informal Resolution Facilitator will provide to the parties a written notice describing the allegations, and the requirements of the informal resolution process. A party agreeing to participate in an informal resolution process will not waive either party's right to a formal investigation. At any time prior to agreeing to a resolution, any party has the right to withdraw from the Title IX informal resolution process and resume the formal investigation.
3. Informal resolution will only be pursued with the parties' voluntary, written consent to the informal resolution process. MSD will not require the parties to participate in an informal resolution process nor make it a condition of enrollment or employment.
4. The informal resolution process is separate and apart from any other MSD mediation process. The informal resolution process can only be offered and take place when there is a formal complaint filed and under investigation.
5. Allegations involving an employee to student where the employee is the Respondent shall not be resolved by an informal resolution.
6. Any agreement reached by the parties through informal resolution may include measures that are designed to restore or preserve the parties' equal access to the education program and activities, including measures that may be punitive or disciplinary in nature.
NOTE: An informal resolution is final and there is no appeal.
7. Any informal process should be completed within a reasonable period of time, not to exceed sixty (60) days from filing the complaint unless special circumstances necessitate more time.
E. Information for Complainants and Respondents
1. After receipt of the formal complaint, the Title IX Coordinator will provide information to the Complainant and Respondent within five (5) business days about:
a. The investigation process and informal resolution process including a statement that the Respondent is presumed not responsible for the alleged conduct and that a determination regarding responsibility is made at the conclusion of investigation process;
b. A notice of allegations of sexual harassment is sufficient details known at the time to permit the parties to prepare a response before any initial interview, including:
i. The identities of the parties involved, if known;
ii. The conduct allegedly constituting sexual harassment; and
iii. The date and location of the alleged incident; if known.
c. The Complainant and Respondent's right to have an advisor of his/her choice who may be, but is not required to be, an attorney, at all phases of the process;
d. The right to inspect and review evidence; and
e. The prohibition against knowingly making false statements or knowingly submitting false information during the investigation process.
F. Equitable Process
1. When MSD has actual knowledge, with or without a formal complaint, of a Title IX violation, MSD must promptly respond and take steps to end and remedy any unlawful discrimination and/or harassment.
NOTE: The Title IX Coordinator may have an obligation to initiate the grievance process in the absence of a formal complaint filed by the Complainant.
2. Once the Title IX Coordinator receives a formal complaint, an Investigator and Decision Maker shall be assigned to the case and the Title IX Coordinator will provide a Notice of Allegation to both parties (see Section E.1.b.). The Title IX Coordinator/designee will promptly contact the Complainant to complete an initial assessment, discuss and inform the Complainant of the availability of supportive measures, and consider the Complainant's wishes with respect to supportive measures.
NOTE: The Title IX Coordinator shall consult with the Director of Student Support Services to determine whether adjustments to the student's Individualized Education Program (IEP) are needed to implement any supportive measures to be provided and/or whether the student's IEP requires any adjustments as to proposed supportive measures.
3. MSD will treat Complainants and Respondents equitably and will offer supportive measures throughout the process, and before disciplining or taking other actions that are not supportive measures against a Respondent. Prior to the issuing of the Determination of Responsibility, MSD will apply supportive measures only.
NOTE: No individual designated as a Title IX Coordinator, Investigator, Decision-Maker, or Appellate Member shall have a notable conflict of interest or bias for or against Complainants or Respondents where the individual can not evaluate the matter objectively. For more information, please refer to Title IX Addendum: How to Serve Impartially: Addressing Conflict of Interest and Bias.
4. If an investigation results in a determination of responsibility for discrimination and/or harassment on the basis of sex, remedies will be provided that are designed to restore or preserve equal access to MSD's education programs, activities, and employment. Remedies may include the same individualized services as supportive measures but also may include disciplinary sanctions or other actions.
G. Timeframe of Grievance Process
MSD will make a good faith effort to conduct a fair, impartial grievance process in a timely manner designed to provide all parties with a prompt and equitable resolution. It is expected that in most cases, the grievance process will be concluded through at least the determination of responsibility within 90 days after filing the formal complaint. In more complex cases, the time necessary to complete a fair and thorough investigation or other circumstances means that a decision cannot reasonably be made within that time frame.
Delays and Extensions of Time
At any stage of the grievance process, MSD may for good cause allow for temporary delays or extensions of time. upon request of either party, or on his/her own initiative. Examples of good cause may include such things as availability of parties or witnesses, school closings, holidays, concurrent law enforcement or other agency activity. For any such delay or extension of time, the Title IX Coordinator will provide written notice to the parties of the delay/extension and the reason(s).
H. Presumption of Non-Responsibility of Respondent and Bar on Disciplinary Sanctions Without Due Process
1. The Respondent identified in any report alleging sexual harassment under this administrative procedure will be presumed not responsible for the alleged conduct until the Respondent's responsibility is conclusively established through the grievance process.
2. An employee Respondent, however, may be placed on administrative leave during the grievance process.
NOTE: Measures for employees will be in accordance with State Personnel Management System Md. Code, SPP §11-106.
I. Emergency Removal of Respondent from School or Employment
1. Any Respondent is subject to removal from MSD's education program and activities, or any part of the program or activities, on an emergency basis if a school-based threat assessment team conducts an individualized safety and risk analysis and determines that removal is justified because the person poses an immediate health or safety threat to any person arising from the allegations of sexual harassment. For more information, please refer to MSD's Behavior Threat Assessment Administrative Procedure.
2. Removing a student from an extracurricular activity is also considered an emergency removal where such action would not otherwise constitute a supportive measure.
3. The emergency removal may take place regardless of whether a formal complaint has been filed.
a. Any such removal shall not violate the rights of any person under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Section 504), the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), or the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA).
b. The Respondent shall receive notice of the removal and an opportunity to challenge the decision in an informal hearing with the Superintendent immediately following the removal.
4. An employee may be placed on administrative leave with or without pay during the grievance process. An individualized safety and risk analysis is not required for removal of an employee or volunteer. Any such action may not violate the rights of the person placed on leave under Section 504 or ADA.
5. The Superintendent shall document all emergency removal decisions including the immediate threat to health or safety that justified the removal.
J. Investigation of a Formal Complaint
1. Burden of Proof
MSD bears the burden of proof and is responsible for gathering evidence that would aid in reaching a decision regarding responsibility.
2. Investigation
The Investigator shall review all individuals who may have relevant information including:
a. The Complainant;
b. The Respondent;
c. Individuals identified as witnesses by the Complainant or Respondent; and
d. Any other individuals who are thought possibly to have relevant information.
NOTE: The Investigator will provide notice of all meetings and interviews to all parties. A Certified Deaf Interpreter (CDI) will be made available upon request.
3. Privileged Information
In general, a party's medical and counseling records are confidential. MSD will not require, allow, rely upon, or otherwise use questions or evidence that constitute, or seek disclosure of, information protected under a legally recognized privilege (e.g., attorney-client, doctor-patient), unless the individual holding such privilege has waived the privilege voluntarily.
4. Prior Sexual Behavior
Questions and evidence about the Complainant's sexual predisposition or prior sexual behavior are not relevant, unless such questions and evidence about the Complainant's prior sexual behavior are offered to prove that someone other than the Respondent committed the conduct alleged by the Complainant.
5. Opportunity to Present Witnesses and Evidence
a. Either party may present witnesses, including fact and expert witnesses, and other inculpatory and exculpatory evidence at any time prior to the issuance of the investigative report.
b. Following receipt of the Notice of Interviews, the parties shall have seven (7) business days to review and submit written, relevant questions that a party wishes to be asked of any party or witness by the Investigator. Questions shall be submitted to the Investigator. The Investigator shall provide each party with answers to any relevant question(s) posed by a party.
c. Additional follow-up questions, limited only to the scope of the prior questions, may be presented by either party within three (3) business days after receipt of the Investigators answers to relevant questions.
d. Only relevant questions will be entertained. The Investigator will explain to the party proposing the questions any decision to exclude a question as not relevant.
6. Party Advisor
Either party may be accompanied to any related meeting byt he advisor of their choice, who may be, but is not required to be, an attorney. However, neither party's advisor will be permitted to question witnesses, nor participate in interviews or meetings in which the represented party is not a participant.
NOTE: If a party elects to be represented by an attorney, the party shall provide notification in advance so that an attorney for MSD may also be present.
7. Parental Involvement
Parent/guardian has the legal right to act on behalf of a student.
8. Written Notes
The Investigator will provide parties with written notice of the date, time, location, participants, and purpose of all investigative interviews, or other meetings, with sufficient time (generally no less than three (3) business days, absent exigent circumstances) for the party to prepare to participate if the party's participation is invited or expected.
9. Evidence Review Period
a. Any evidence obtained as part of the investigation that is directly related to the allegations raised in a formal complaint, including inculpatory or exculpatory evidence whether obtained from a party or other source, will be provided to both parties at the conclusion of the Investigator's evidence gathering. The evidence will be redacted of personal information, not relevant to the investigation, prior to sharing with parties, including but not limited to names.
b. The Investigator will send each party and the party's advisor, if any, the evidence subject to inspection and review in an electronic format or a hard copy. The parties will have ten (10) business days to submit a written response, which the Investigator will consider prior to completion of the investigative report.
10. Investigative Report
The Investigator will issue an investigative report that fairly summarizes relevant evidence. The investigative report will be sent to each party and the party's advisor, if any, for their review and written response. The parties shall have ten (10) business days to provide a written response to the investigative report.
11. Determination Regarding Responsibility
At the conclusion of the investigation, the Investigator will provide the investigative report and evidence to the Decision Marker. The Decision Maker will review the investigative report and evidence and issue a full and final, written determination to the parties and Title IX Coordinator, no less than ten (10) business days after the closing of the investigative report review period.
NOTE: The written notice of determination will become final after five (5) business days if no appeal is filed.
K. Standard of Evidence
1. The Decision Maker must determine that an allegation has been proven by a preponderance of an evidence (more likely than not) in order to make a determination of responsibility.
2. An objective evaluation of all relevant evidence and credibility determinations will be made and shall not be based upon a person's status as a Complainant, Respondent, or witness.
L. Remedies and Disciplinary Measures for Students, Staff, and Third Parties
1. A determination of responsibility may result in remedies, which may include, but are not limited to, disciplinary measures.
2. The MSD Handbook provides the Code of Student Conduct and disciplinary response levels for students. Possible disciplinary remedies and sanctions include, but are not limited to and are in no particular order:
a. Loss of privileges;
b. In-school suspension;
c. Short-term or long-term suspension; and
d. Expulsion
NOTE: Disciplinary measures for employees will be in accordance with State Personnel Management System Md. Code, SPP § 11-106.
3. Consequences for Third Parties
Volunteers and visitors who engage in sexual harassment will be directed to leave school property. A third party under the supervision and control of MSD will be subject to termination of contracts/agreements, and restricted from access to school property. Any volunteer, visitor, or other third party who engages in sexual harassment will also be subject to other consequences, as authorized by law.
M. Withdrawal of Formal Complaint
The Complainant may request to withdraw the formal complaint any time prior to the Determination of Responsibility being issued to the Complainant and Respondent. The request to withdraw must be in writing to the Title IX Coordinator. If the Complainant does not wish to proceed with a formal complaint, the Title IX Coordinator will adhere to the withdrawal as long as failing to do so would not be clearly unreasonable in light of known circumstances.
N. Dismissal of Formal Complaint
1. Upon receipt of a formal complaint, MSD will respond to any immediate health or safety concerns raised. The Title IX Coordinator will then conduct an initial assessment for the sole purpose of determining whether the alleged conduct, if substantiated, would constitute prohibited conduct under this administrative procedure.
2. If the conduct alleged in the formal complaint would not constitute discrimination or harassment on the basis of sex even if proved, did not occur in MSD's education program or activity, or did not occur against a person in the United States, then the Title IX Coordinator shall dismiss the formal complaint with regard to that conduct for purposes of discrimination or harassment on the basis of sex under Title IX. This type of dismissal does not preclude action under another provision of the Student Code of Conduct or MSD policies or administrative procedures related to employee discipline.
3. Additionally, the Title IX Coordinator may dismiss the formal complaint or any allegations therein, if at any time during the investigation:
a. A Complainant withdraws the complaint in writing to the Title IX Coordinator;
b. The Respondent is no longer affiliated with MSD; or
c. Specific circumstances prevent MSD from gathering evidence sufficient to reach a determination to the formal complaint or allegations.
4. Upon a dismissal, the Title IX Coordinator will promptly send written notice of the dismissal and reason(s) simultaneously to the parties.
5. The Title IX Coordinator shall refer the matter that was the subject of the dismissed complaint to appropriate MSD staff for further action as warranted.
NOTE: Either party may appeal a dismissal of a formal complaint. Please refer to Section 0: Appeals below.
O. Appeals
The parties shall have the right to appeal by notifying the Superintendent in writing, with a copy to the Title IX Coordinator.
1. Reviewable Decisions — Parties may seek review of the following:
a. The dismissal of a formal complaint or any allegations; or
b. A final determination regarding responsibility following the investigation of a formal complaint.
2. Basis for Review — Appeals are limited to the following grounds:
a. Procedural irregularity that affected the outcome of the matter;
b. New evidence that was not reasonably available at the time the determination regarding responsibility or dismissal was made, that could affect the outcome of the matter; or
c. The Title IX Coordinator, Investigator, or Decision Maker had a conflict of interest or bias for or against Complainants or Respondents generally or the individual Complainant or Respondent that affected the outcome of the matter.
3. Notice of Appeal
Any party who files an appeal must do so within five (5) business days of receiving the written determination regarding responsibility or dismissal of a formal complaint. Upon receipt of an appeal by either party, a notice of appeal will be provided to both parties by the Title IX Coordinator.
4. Appeal Responses
The Title IX Coordinator will share the filed appeal with the other party. If the opposing party wishes to file a response, the response must be received by the Title IX Coordinator no later than five (5) business days following receipt of the appeal. If additional time is needed, prior to the expiration of the five-day deadline, the Title IX Coordinator may grant an extension of one (1) business day upon request.
5. Status While Appeal is Pending Review
All remedies imposed by MSD will be in effect during the appeal. A request may be made to the Superintendent for special consideration in exigent circumstances, but the position of MSD is that the remedies will stand. Graduation, field trips, extracurricular activities, internships, etc. do not in and of themselves constitute exigent circumstances. Employees and students shall not be able to participate in these activities during their appeal. In cases where the appeal results in reinstatement to MSD or of privileges, all reasonable attempts will be made to restore the student or staff member to their prior status, recognizing that some opportunities lost may be irretrievable in the short term.
6. Process for Review
All appeals and responses are forwarded to the appellate member for initial review to determine if the appeal states an appropriate basis for review and is timely. The original finding and sanction will stand if the appeal is not timely or does not meet the criteria of one of the above bases for appeal, and the decision is final. If the appeal is timely and presents an appropriate basis for review, the appellate member will proceed with a substantive review of the appeal.
7. Appellant's Burden
The party requesting appellate review must show error in the original finding or sanction. The finding and sanction are presumed to have been decided reasonably and appropriately.
8. New Evidence
If the appellate member determines that new evidence should be considered, the appellate member will reconsider it in light of the new evidence only. The appellate member's reconsideration of new evidence cannot be appealed.
9. Curable Procedural Error
If the appellate member determines that a procedural error occurred, the appellate member will review to cure the error. The results of this second review with the error cured cannot be appealed.
10. Incurable Procedural Error
In rare cases, where the procedural error cannot be cured (as in cases of bias), the appellate member may order a new review of the complaint with a new Decision Maker. The results of the new Decision Maker's review can be appealed, once, in accordance with the three applicable bases for appeals.
11. Appeal Remedies
At the conclusion of an appeal, if the appellate member determines that the remedies or disciplinary sanctions imposed are disproportionate to the severity of the violation, the appellate member may increase, decrease, or otherwise modify the remedies or disciplinary sanctions.
12. Appeal Additional Considerations
a. All parties will be timely informed of the status of requests for appeal, the status of the appeal consideration, and the results of the appeal decision.
b. An appeal is not intended to be a full rehearing of the formal complaint. Appeals are confined to a review of the written documentation or record of the original decision-making process and pertinent documentation regarding the grounds for appeal.
c. An appeal is not an opportunity for the appellate member to substitute his or her judgment for the Decision Maker merely because the appellate member disagrees with the finding or sanction. The findings of the Decision Maker are highly regarded and the appeal decision focuses on making changes to the finding only when there is clear error and to the sanction only if there is a compelling justification.
d. Remedies imposed are implemented immediately unless in extraordinary circumstances, pending the outcome of the appeal.
13. Appeal Final Determination
The appellate member will render a written decision describing the result of the appeal and the rationale for the result simultaneously to all parties within fifteen (15) business days from receipt of the appeal. Additional time to render the appeal decision is allowed for good cause, but not to exceed 20 business days. The appellate member's decision to deny an appeal is final.
P. Retaliation
Any act of retaliation or discrimination against any person for the purpose of interfering with any right or privilege secured by Title IX or because the person has made a report or filed a formal complaint or testified, assisted, or participated or refused to participate in any investigation, proceeding, or hearing involving sexual harassment is prohibited. Any person who is found to have engaged in retaliation will be subject to discipline, up to and including dismissal for employees, and up to and including expulsion for students. Complaints alleging retaliation are to be treated as claims of sex discrimination and may be filed in accordance with this procedure.
VI. Monitoring and Compliance
A. All MSD staff shall be required to complete annual training on the prevention of discrimination and harassment on the basis of sex.
B. Department Principals shall review a copy of this administrative procedure with staff at least once a year.
C. A policy shall be explained in the student handbook
D. The Office of Compliance shall provide an annual report by the end of the school year to the Superintendent and Director of Human Resources on the number of reports received; the number of reports resolved; trends or patterns among the reports, if any; and recommendations on policy, procedure, or practice changes to better address discrimination and/or harassment, if any.
E. Records — The Title IX Coordinator shall maintain for a period of seven (7) years records of each sexual harassment investigation including:
1. any determination regarding responsibility;
2. any disciplinary sanctions imposed on the Respondent;
3. any remedies provided to the Complainant designed to restore or preserve equal access to MSD's education programs and activities;
4. any appeal and the result;
5. any informal resolution and the result; and
6. all materials used to train Title IX Coordinators, Investigators, Decision-Makers, Appellate Decision-Maker, and any person who facilitates an informal resolution process. These materials will be made publicly available on MSD's website.
VIII. Legal References
Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972
Regulations of Title IX Educational Amendments of 1972, 34 C.F.R. Part 106
§20-602 of the State Government Article, Annotated Code of Maryland
State Personnel Management System Md. Code, SPP §11-106
ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEDURE HISTORY
- Revised: December 22, 2023
- Adopted: December 2023
- Reviewed: October 2023